Does Gratitude Rewire Your Brain?

Affirmation Song (featuring Snoop Dogg) https://youtu.be/1XYoduQMAjU Gratitude is a positive emotional response that we experience when w...

Affirmation Song (featuring Snoop Dogg)
https://youtu.be/1XYoduQMAjU

Gratitude is a positive emotional response that we experience when we feel appreciation for or from others. But it’s also more than that. Gratitude triggers the brain’s reward system, releasing hormones and neurotransmitters that have tangible physical and mental health benefits. Taking the time to focus on gratitude every day helps to improve our ability to manage stress, and it helps us develop a more positive perspective on life by restructuring neural signaling pathways.

  The Brain Science of Gratitude
How would you describe the experience of gratitude? You might say it’s a warm, fuzzy feeling you get when other people express their appreciation for you, or when you appreciate them. Gratitude is a feeling, but it’s also the deliberate act of acknowledging an external source for something you value, whether that source is another person, a community, or a deity or spiritual concept. Psychologically, expressing and receiving thanks can be enormously validating, and your brain rewards you for it by releasing neurotransmitters (organic chemicals for transmitting signals through the nervous system) that make you feel happier. 

Gratitude could be thought of as a way for the brain to encourage kindness toward others and motivate individuals to engage in socially conscious behavior. But research shows that, biologically, there is much more going on than earning a reward of feel-good chemicals. In fact, gratitude activates physiological changes in many different brain regions. 

PRACTICING GRATITUDE AS A DELIBERATE ACT CAN HELP YOU FEEL HAPPIER, ESPECIALLY IF YOU FOCUS ON IT DAILY. When we feel grateful, neurotransmitters trigger activity in the medial prefrontal cortex, the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), the ventral striatum, and the insula. These brain regions are involved in cognitive functions like higher-order thinking, decision-making, emotional awareness, and motivation. Gratitude also affects the brain’s limbic system, including the hypothalamus, which can boost the neurotransmitter serotonin and signal the brainstem to produce dopamine. Dopamine enhances feelings of contentment, and it encourages repeated expressions of gratitude, which can contribute to a more consistently positive outlook on life.  

The amygdala, another component of the limbic system, is involved in emotional processing and fear responses. When we make gratitude a regular practice, the amygdala activates the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS), which counteracts the “fight-or-flight” response of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) in times of stress. The PNS activation reduces levels of the stress hormone cortisol, leading to a sense of relaxation. It also supports bodily functions like digestion, immune response, and sleep, all of which can be compromised or deprioritized during stress. Regularly focusing on gratitude can reduce the amygdala’s reactivity to stressors. This can help individuals have less intense emotional reactions to stressful situations and maintain a calmer and more balanced emotional state. 

By regularly experiencing and expressing gratitude, we change our perspective and think about things in new, more positive ways. This cognitive “rewiring” has a biological foundation, in that the brain reorganizes signaling pathways between neurons. This may also have benefits for brain health. One study found that people who experienced higher levels of gratitude had developed an increased volume of gray matter, brain tissue associated with processing sensation, voluntary movement, perception learning, speech, and a wide variety of cognitive tasks.

The Benefits of Gratitude Ultimately gratitude is more complex than merely expressing courtesy or focusing on positive thinking. When you regularly focus or meditate on what you are thankful for, it causes effects that promote well-being, including psychological and physical health. Here are some remarkable benefits:  * Gratitude helps you develop a more positive mindset. This can lead to an improvement in mood, but it also helps condition your brain to filter out negative ruminations. It becomes easier to avoid dwelling on toxic emotions like resentment, envy, and jealousy.

* Gratitude reduces stress. It reduces levels of the stress hormone cortisol, which in turn benefits cardiac function. For example, regular gratitude practice correlates with better heart rate variability (HRV), indicating a balanced autonomic nervous system. This can help you better manage stress when it arises.

* Gratitude reduces anxiety. Gratitude affects the amygdala, which regulates the SNS and our anxiety responses. Regularly journaling about gratitude or discussing it as part of a group have long been parts of successful life-coaching approaches and mental health interventions.

* Gratitude reduces depression. Because gratitude reduces stress hormones and manages autonomic nervous system functions, it can help to significantly reduce depression symptoms. When we experience or express gratitude, neurotransmitters cause an increase in activity in the prefrontal cortex, the region of the brain that manages negative emotions like guilt and shame. This activity helps us reduce the power of those emotions, which are often central to depression. Furthermore, gratitude’s effect of activating the brain’s reward centers enhances motivation and goal-directed behavior. This is beneficial for treating depression and anxiety, which are characterized by reduced motivation. Gratitude helps amplify the desire to pursue fulfilling activities and take active steps toward healing and growth.

* Gratitude improves emotional resilience. Practicing gratitude can help you reduce future stress and rewire cognitive pathways so that you can better cope with emotions that arise from difficult circumstances.

* Gratitude improves focus. The release of dopamine enhances concentration and vitality, which can help you better achieve tasks and personal or professional accomplishments.

* Gratitude improves immunity. It triggers the release of hormones that regulate the immune system and help it function efficiently, so that you can fight off infections and more quickly recover from illnesses.

* Gratitude improves sleep. It triggers the hypothalamus, which has an important role in regulating sleep. So expressing or experiencing gratitude can help us get better quality, deeper, and healthier sleep naturally. This further strengthens immune function and resilience. * Gratitude helps with social bonding. Expressing appreciation enhances our connection to others. This helps to build and strengthen community and cooperation.

* Gratitude can improve general health concerns. Individuals who experience high levels of gratitude have been found to have fewer headaches, infections, digestion problems, dizzy spells, and less congestion. It can decrease symptoms of head pain, sore muscles, and nausea.



How to Be More Grateful Because gratitude provides so many benefits for health and well-being, it makes sense to focus on it regularly. Taking a few minutes every day to think about what you are thankful for can help you form a more positive outlook on life and help you find further aspects of it to appreciate. Practicing gratitude as a deliberate act can help you feel happier, especially if you focus on it daily. Even if our understanding of the neurobiological processes at work are recent developments, the benefits of daily focus on thankfulness have been recognized for millennia, and meditating on gratitude is a core part of many religious and spiritual traditions. 

If you’re not used to regularly practicing gratitude, you might be unsure of how to start. One way is to begin with self-appreciation. Simply stand in front of a mirror each day and think of five good things you appreciate about yourself. These could be virtues, talents, past achievements, efforts you’re currently working on, or just general things you like about yourself. Give yourself some compliments. In addition to improving your mood and helping you embrace a positive worldview, this regular practice can help you build self-esteem and self-confidence. 

GRATITUDE IS A FEELING, BUT IT’S ALSO THE DELIBERATE ACT OF ACKOWLEDGING AN EXTERNAL SOURCE FOR SOMETHING YOU VALUE. Another active way to practice gratitude is to keep a journal. Take a few moments to reflect on the things you’re grateful for and write them down. Be specific and provide depth and detail. Think about positive gifts as well as negative things you’ve avoided. Do this regularly. It doesn’t have to be every day, but consistency is important to rewire your brain. From time to time, revisit what you’ve written in previous entries.  Write thank-you letters, emails, or other messages to others to express grateful feelings. Making this a habit will provide an emotional benefit for you and the recipient. When possible, going further and reading out your written thanks in person can have an even more powerful and long-lasting effect on well-being.  



Consider gratitude as part of a regular meditation practice. It could be a specific focus for guided or unguided meditation. Therapists, life coaches, and other professional counselors can help you with this, but even on your own it can lead to better awareness and improve your mood. 

The American Brain Foundation is committed to finding cures for all brain diseases and disorders. With your help, we can all experience life without brain disease

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